In ICD-10-CM coding conventions, which condition should be sequenced first when both an etiology and manifestation exist?

In ICD-10-CM coding conventions, when both an etiology (the underlying cause of a condition) and a manifestation (the symptoms or clinical findings resulting from the etiology) are present, the etiology should be sequenced first. This is in accordance with the guidelines that direct coders to identify and code the underlying cause before the resulting manifestations.

Sequencing the etiology first helps to provide a clearer picture of the patient's condition by emphasizing the root cause of the health issue. Documentation and coding should reflect the primary reason for the patient’s presentation and any associated complications or symptoms that arise from it. This approach not only aids in proper coding practices but also improves the accuracy of data collection for healthcare statistics and facilitates appropriate care management.

Consequently, the manifestation is coded as a secondary condition following the etiology, establishing a clear hierarchy in coding. Understanding this hierarchy ensures that healthcare providers can appropriately communicate the nature of the patient's health issues and the relationships between different conditions.